(ض) عَذَرَ يَعْذِرُ عُذْرًا وَمَعْذِرَةًʿadhara yaʿdhiru ʿudhran wa-maʿdhiratan: (1) to clear someone of blame, to accept an excuse (with the preposition عَليٰʿalyā) (2) to clear oneself of blame, to offer an excuse (with the preposition اِليٰilyā).
مَعْذِرَةٌmaʿdhirah: excuse, apology. ﴿يَوْمَ لَا يَنْفَعُ الظّٰلِمِيْنَ مَعْذِرَتُهُمْ﴾ (Ghāfir 40:52)
عُذْرٌʿudhr (noun, ism dhāt): the plea or argument by which a charge is denied; a compelling reason, an excuse. ﴿عُذْرًا اَوْ نُذْرًا﴾ (Al-Mursalāt 77:6)
مِعْذَارٌmiʿdhār pl. مَعَاذِيْرُmaʿādhīru (noun of instrument (ism ālah) on the pattern of مِفْعَالٌmifʿāl): the means of being cleared of blame; excuse, pretext. ﴿وَلَوْ اَلْقٰى مَعَاذِيْرَهُۥ﴾ (Al-Qiyāmah 75:15)
Form II (tafʿīl) عَذَّرَ يُعَذِّرُ تَعْذِيْرًاʿadhdhara yuʿadhdhiru taʿdhīran: to go to great lengths in pleading compulsion or making excuses.
مُعَذِّرٌmuʿadhdhir (active participle, ism fāʿil): one who pleads compulsion, who makes excuses. ﴿وَجَآءَ الْمُعَذِّرُوْنَ مِنَ الْاَعْرَابِ﴾ (At-Tawbah 9:90)
Form VIII (iftiʿāl) اِعْتَذَرَ يَعْتَذِرُ اِعْتِذَارًاiʿtadhara yaʿtadhiru iʿtidhāran: to offer an excuse with deliberate care. ﴿لَا تَعْتَذِرُوْا قَدْ كَفَرْتُمْ بَعْدَ اِيْمَانِكُمْ﴾ (At-Tawbah 9:66)