(ن) مَدَنَ يَمْدُنُ مُدُوْنًاmadana yamdunu mudūnan: to stay in a place and settle there.
مَدِيْنَةmadīnah pl. مَدَائِن وَمُدُنmadāʾin wa-mudun: city, town — the lexicographers hold two views: (1) it is from this root, i.e. a place of settlement; (2) it is not from m-d-n but from d-y-n, on the pattern مَفْعِلَةmafʿilah, i.e. a place where there is order and obedience — which is why both plurals مَدَائِنmadāʾin and مُدُنmudun occur. 17 times in the Quran: ﴿وَجَاءَ مِنْ أَقْصَا الْمَدِيْنَةِ رَجُلٌ يَّسْعٰى﴾ (Yā Sīn 36:20) and ﴿وَابْعَثْ فِي الْمَدَائِنِ حَاشِرِيْنَ﴾ (Ash-Shuʿarāʾ 26:36).
Form V (tafaʿʿul) تَمَدَّنَ يَتَمَدَّنُ تَمَدُّنًاtamaddana yatamaddanu tamaddunan: to adopt an urban way of life; to become civilised and refined (this verb is not used in the Quran).