ک ی فk-y-f
— كَيْفَkayfa: an interrogative noun (ism istifhām), indeclinable (mabnī) with fatḥah; used to ask about state and manner. Grammatical note: its case changes according to the verb that follows it — if a complete verb follows, it is a circumstantial accusative (ḥāl); if an incomplete verb follows, it is a fronted predicate (khabar muqaddam). Besides a genuine question it is also used for wonder and denial, and in the Quran this is most often what is intended. 83 times in the Quran: ﴿أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيْلِ﴾ (Al-Fīl 105:1) and ﴿كَيْفَ تَكْفُرُوْنَ بِاللّٰهِ وَكُنْتُمْ أَمْوَاتًا﴾ (Al-Baqarah 2:28).