(ن) ضَرَّ يَضُرُّ ضَرًّاḍarra yaḍurru ḍarran (original form: ضَرَرَ يَضْرُرُḍarara yaḍruru): to harm someone, to cause suffering.
ضَرٌّḍarr / ضُرٌّḍurr (noun, ism dhāt): harm, suffering; ضُرٌّḍurr especially for distress and bodily affliction. ﴿قُلْ لَّآ اَمْلِكُ لِنَفْسِيْ نَفْعًا وَّلَا ضَرًّا﴾ (Al-Aʿrāf 7:188)
ضَرَرٌḍarar (noun, ism dhāt): compulsion, a valid excuse.
ضَرَّاءُḍarrāʾu: hardship. ﴿وَالصّٰبِرِيْنَ فِي الْبَاْسَآءِ وَالضَّرَّآءِ﴾ (Al-Baqarah 2:177)
ضَارٌّḍārr (active participle, ism fāʿil, اصلًا ضَارِرٌaṣlan ḍārir): one who harms.
Form III (mufāʿalah) ضَارَّ يُضَارُّ ضِرَارًاḍārra yuḍārru ḍirāran (original form: ضَارَرَ يُضَارِرُḍārara yuḍāriru): to harm one another.
مُضَارٌّmuḍārr: in form mufāʿalah the active participle (ism fāʿil, مُضَارِرٌmuḍārir) and the passive participle (ism mafʿūl, مُضَارَرٌmuḍārar) of a doubled root take the same shape, hence two meanings: (1) one who causes harm (2) one who is harmed. ﴿لَا تُضَآرَّ وَالِدَةٌۢ بِوَلَدِهَا﴾ (Al-Baqarah 2:233)
Form VIII (iftiʿāl) اِضْطَرَّ يَضْطَرُّ اِضْطِرَارًاiḍṭarra yaḍṭarru iḍṭirāran (original form: اِضْتَرَرَ يَضْتَرِرُiḍtarara yaḍtariru): to cause suffering deliberately, to compel; مُضْطَرٌّmuḍṭarr likewise admits both possibilities: one who compels, and one who is compelled. ﴿اَمَّنْ يُّجِيْبُ الْمُضْطَرَّ اِذَا دَعَاهُ﴾ (An-Naml 27:62)